نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
In modern playwriting, place is no longer an inconsequential element; rather, it actively participates in shaping the meaning, relationships, and dramatic events of a play. Numerous contemporary dramatic texts have demonstrated that place can generate tension and conflict, alter the course of the narrative, and even become the primary site of crisis. As a meaning-making element, it can play a significant role in advancing the plot, shaping characters, and even conveying ideological and philosophical concepts. This new perspective emphasizes the necessity of examining the position and function of place in dramatic works, particularly in works where place serves as a guiding or constraining element in the characters’ actions. Changes in specific locations within a play may indicate the characters’ inner transformations or broader social changes. Examining and analyzing this semantic fluidity can reveal reflections of identity crises, social instability, the unstable mental states of characters, or historical transformations. The works of Akbar Radi can be used as an example in this regard. In many of his plays, the narrative unfolds within homes and domestic spaces, yet these places do not remain neutral or inconsequential. In Radi’s works, place simultaneously provides the setting for the formation of conflicts, tensions, and generational, ideological, and class-based oppositions while playing a decisive role in the production of meaning. In Radi’s plays, place—particularly the home—is closely associated with the identity of the subject and is therefore not merely a physical space. Rather, it possesses an internal, psychological, and emotional dimension connected to the characters’ memories, dreams, and lived experiences. In this way, human presence within a place itself becomes one of the primary sources of meaning-making, making the analysis of place a fundamental concern in the study of this playwright’s works. Given this active role, it becomes important to determine the scope and nature of place’s agency in Akbar Radi’s works, particularly its semantic fluidity. In the works examined in the present study, namely Melody of the Rainy City and The Magnificent Smile of Mr. Gil, place generates tension from the very beginning of the narrative and itself becomes a primary source of conflict and disagreement. As the story progresses, these tensions and conflicts introduce new discourses into the space and transform the relationships among the characters. Each character constructs a different meaning of the home according to their social position, goals, and beliefs; consequently, the place becomes a multilayered and tension-filled space. These characteristics transform the home in Radi’s works into a meaning-producing and narrative-driving force within the drama. Moving beyond the classical tradition of playwriting, in which place was largely regarded as a neutral backdrop, contemporary drama has created a situation in which place acquires meaning through its interaction with characters, actions, and discourses and can even influence the development of the narrative. From this perspective, place has the capacity to function as a force that shapes tensions, social relationships, and the transformations of characters within a dramatic text. Accordingly, the present study begins with the following question: How does place become an active agent in Akbar Radi’s plays, and what role does it play, through its interaction with the characters, in directing actions and shaping discourses? In this study, place is examined through a semiotic-semantic approach as a dynamic element that contributes to the formation of tensions, relationships among characters, and the trajectory of the narrative. The study focuses on the fact that in Radi’s plays, particularly those in which the domestic setting is the primary source of dramatic crisis, place gradually acquires new meanings and undergoes transformation under the influence of the characters’ actions and dialogues. From this perspective, the home is an inseparable part of the dramatic structure, capable of influencing the characters’ behavior and directing the course of the narrative. The present study is descriptive-analytical and employs a library-based research method. The sources used include books, scholarly articles, theses, and other reputable studies in the field of drama and criticism of Akbar Radi’s works. The plays are analyzed through close textual reading and an examination of the relationships among place, character, and narrative. According to the findings, the relationship between the characters and place in Radi’s works is not unidirectional. Some characters attempt to redefine place according to their own desires and assert control over it, while others, confronted with the pressures imposed by place, experience passivity, isolation, or the disintegration of their identities. Place can serve as a source of authority for one character while becoming a means of exclusion and marginalization for another. Thus, it can be argued that the identities of the characters in these two plays are place-oriented, to the extent that their actions and decisions cannot be fully understood without considering their spatial positions. Based on the analysis of the components derived from Greimas’s semiotic-semantic approach, place in these plays moves beyond its ordinary and everyday function and, as the narrative progresses, becomes the site of decisive conversations, verbal and sometimes physical conflicts, and critical moments of decision-making. Consequently, its function changes from that of an ordinary, everyday space into a space of crisis in which the central conflicts of the drama take shape. This transformation demonstrates how place can become a driving force within the dramatic structure. Overall, the findings demonstrate that place in Akbar Radi’s plays reflects power relations, family crises, and class-based and social beliefs, thereby transforming it into an influential, dynamic, and multilayered element. Through its interaction with the characters and the confrontation of different discourses, place plays a decisive role in advancing the drama.
کلیدواژهها English